GUITAR CHORDS:
Part 1 and Chorus: D  G
Part 2: Bm   G

“TVOJE BOJE”

Gledam lica u prolazu od oka skrivena
sve je manje ljudi tu, sve više sjena

Ovaj svijet sive je, je nijanse
ja bez tvojih boja, nemam šanse

Jer tvoje boje su kao moje
tvoj potez čist je
mojem platnu budi kist

Tražim iskre u očima, izmorenih duša
gdje se boja sakrila spava li u nama?

“YOUR COLORS” (Original English Translation by ORS, 2011)

I watch faces in passing from a hidden eye
it’s all less people there, all more shadows

This world is gray, it’s shades
without your colors, I have no chances

Because your colors are like mine
your stroke is pure
on my canvas, be the brush

I search for sparks in eyes, weary soul
where does the hiding color sleep in us?

Vocabulary and Etymology 
tvoj – your
boja (feminine noun) – color, stain, tinge; plural nominative form is boje; Turkish boya
gledati (verb) – to look, watch, see ; Russian следи́ть
lice (neuter noun)- face; plural nominative form is lica ; Russian лицо́
u (preposition) – in, at, on, etc
prolaz (masculine noun) – passageway, corridor; singular locative form is prolazu
od (preposition) – from
oko (neuter noun) – eye; singular genitive form is oka; plural locative form is očima ; Russian о́ко
skriven (adjective) – hidden, clandestine; singular genitive form for neuter nouns is skrivena; Russian скрыть (to hide)
sve – all, everything;  Russian всё
manje – less, minus
ljudi (masculine noun, plural form) – people, men;  Russian лю́ди
tu – there
više – more; over
sjena (feminine noun) – shade, shadow
ovaj – this
svijet (masculine noun) – world;  Russian свет
sive – gray;  Russian се́рый
nijansa (feminine noun) – nuance, shade; plural nominative form is nijanse;  French la nuance from Latin nubes (cloud)
bez (preposition) – less, without; Russian без
šansa (feminine noun)- chance; plural accusative form is šanse;  French la chance
jer (conjunction)- because
kao (conjunction) – like, as; Russian как
moj – my, mine; plural nominative form for feminine nouns is moje; singular locative form is mojem
potez (masculine noun) – stroke, move
čist – clean, pure, clear ; Russian  чи́стый
platno (masculine noun) – canvas, linen; singular locative form is platnu
kist (masculine noun) – brush; Russian кисть
tražiti (verb) - to search, look for
iskra (feminine noun) –  spark; singular accusative form is iskre; Russian и́скра
izmorenih – weary
duša (feminine noun) - soul, spirit; Russian душа́
gdje – where; Russian где
se (reflexive pronoun)
sakrila – hidden; from verb sarkiti (to hide, conceal)
spavati (verb)  - to sleep; Russian спать
li (interrogative particle)
nama (dative plural pronoun) – to us

Grammar and Other Notes

1.  Serbo-Croatian Language (Srpskohrvatski)

Serbo-Croatian is a Yugoslavic (South Slavic) language which, although known by various ethnic names following the dissolution of the Yugoslav state in 1992, is the functional term for the spoken language of Serbian (including Kosovo), Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro.   The term BSC (Bosnian/Serbian/Croatian) has also appeared in the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) in The Hague. The main differences between the languages that comprise Serbo-Croatian are found in spoken dialects, but more obviously in the writing system.  Often, the Latin alphabet is used in Croatia, Cyrillic in Serbia, and Arabic abjad in Bosnia. As a slavic language, Serbo-Croatian has a complex system of inflection, specifically in the declension of its seven noun and adjective cases.   There are three genders (masculine, feminine, neuter), two numbers (singular, plural), seven verb tenses, three moods (indicative, imperative, conditional), and two aspects (perfective, imperfective).

2.  Serbo-Croatian Noun Case System and Declensions

Declension is a type of linguistic inflection (in + flectare, to bend) where nouns “decline” into irregular forms.   Present in Latin and Sanskrit, declension remains a characteristic feature of many Indo-European languages, particularly those in the Germanic and Slavic sub-families. There are 7 Noun Cases in Serbo-Croatian which provide the ending patterns for nouns in various functions in a sentence:

*There are three noun genders in Serbo-Croatian, listed here by Class.
Class I : Masculine nouns, which usually end in consonants
Class I : Neuter nouns, which usually end in -o or -e
Class II : Feminine nouns ending in -a
Class III: Feminine nouns ending in a consonant

See the section on Vocabulary and Etymology for the classifications of the nouns in “Tvoje Boje”.

3.     Personal Pronouns

Examples of personal pronouns in “Tvoje Boje” include:

(ja) gledam lica u prolazu
(I) watch faces in passing

ja bez tvojih boja , (ja) nemam šanse
I without your colors, (I) have no chances

gdje se boja sakrila spava li u nama?
where (reflexive) color hidden sleep (interrogative) in us?
–> where does the hidden color sleep in us?

The verb “to be” (biti) is conjugated in the present tense as follows:

ja sam (I am)
ti si (you are)
on/ona/ono je (he/she/it is)
mi smo (we are)
vi ste (you all are)
oni/one/ona su (they are)

Examples from the “Tvoje boje” include:

sve je manje ljudi tu
all is less people there

ovaj svijet sive je, je nijanse
this world gray is, is shades/nuances

jer tvoje boje su kao moje
because your colors are like mine

tvoj potez čist je
your stroke pure is
–> your stroke is pure 

mojem platnu budi kist
on my canvas be the brush
*budi is the 2nd person singular imperative of biti (to be) as in “(you) be careful!”

Guitar chords:

Intro: Gm  Eb
Verse: Gm  Eb  Bb  F
Chorus:  Bb  Eb  Gm   F

“Ik neem je mee”

Ze denkt dat ik niet bezig ben met haar
denkt dat ik geen gevoelens heb voor haar
terwijl ik nu alleen maar denk aan haar
want zij is heel mijn wereld

zeg me wat je wilt dan, staren word ik stil van
zeg me want je wilt dan, staren word ik stil van

we waren pas acht, zat in de klas
naast Tomas en Willem, voor Mark en Bas
jij zat voorin, keek acheterom
ik stuurde je briefjes en vroeg je waarom je stuurde me terug:
“ik vind je lief, zit open een wolk en ik ben verliefd”

Tien jaren later waren we samen
ik was een jongetje, jij al een dame
wist het wel zeker jij bent de ware
niemand waar ik nou zo lang naar kon staren
soms is het erg maar dit is mijn werk
voor jou ben ik Gerwin, en Gers is het merk

ik neem je mee, neem je mee op reis
neem je mee naar Rome of Parijs
ik lijk misschien wel cool totdat je weet wat ik nu voel
jij klinkt als muziek dus laat je zien wat ik bedoel
ik neem je mee

ik denk aan haar en zei denkt aan mij
“jij bent te druk,” is wat ze me zei
ze wil met me shoppen en samen uit eten
wil naar de bios en wil met me daten
maar ik wil muziek en geld op de bank
al me fans die wachten al lang

ik wil een toekomst opbouwen met haar
twee kids, een huis met een tuin aan het water
hond of kater, wat jij wil
maar blijf nou niet staren want dan word ik stil
doe dit voor ons en werk dus hard
want ik hou van jou met heel mijn hart

“I’ll Take You with Me” (Original English Translation by ORS, 2011)

She thinks that I’m not concerned with her,
thinks that I have no feelings for her
while now I only think of her
for she is my whole world

Tell me what you want, ’cause staring, I become silent
Tell me what you will, ’cause staring, I’ll become silent

We were only eight, sat in the class
next to Tomas and Willem, in front of Mark and Bas
you sat in front, looked behind
I sent you little letters and asked you why you send me back:
“I find you lovely, (I) sit up in a cloud and I am in love”

Ten years later we were together
I was a little youngin’, you already a woman
Knew it pretty certain, you are the real one
Nobody who I could stare at so long now
Sometimes it is bad, but this is my work
For you I am Gerwin, and Gers is the brand

I’ll take you with me, take you with me on a trip
Take you with me to Rome or Paris
I look, perhaps, real cool until you know what I’m feeling now
You sound like music, so later you’ll see what I mean
I’ll take you with me

I think of her and she thinks of me
“You’re too busy” is what she said to me
She wants to shop with me and eat out together
wants to go to the movies and wants to date with me
but I want music and money in the bank
already my fans who are waiting a long time

I want to build a future with her
two kids, a house with a garden on the water
dog or (male) cat, whatever you want
but don’t keep staring now, for then I’ll become silent
(I) do this for us and so (I) work hard
because I love you with all my heart

Vocabulary

terwijl – while, but; related to German die Weile (a while); from Old Norse hvila “bed” or hvild “rest”
want – for, because; from Old Norse vanta “to lack, want”
willen – to want, wish; related to German wollen, French vouloir, etc; from PIE *wel/*wol “be pleasing”
worden – to become; related to German werden, Swedish varda, Icelandic verda
kijken – to look; p
achter – behind
sturen – to send; also, to steer; related to German steuern (to steer) and Germanic root *steuro “rudder”
brief – letter; related to German der Brief; from Latin brevis “brief, summary”
vragen – to ask; related to German fragen
terug – back; related to German zurück as in rucksack from German der Rücken “the back” (from rücken “to move”)
lief – sweet, dear; from liefde (love); related to German lieb, from PIE *leubh “to care, desire, love”
wolk – cloud; related to German die Wolke
samen – together; related to German zusammen
dame – lady; related to German die Dame; from Latin domina “lady of the house” from Latin domus (house)
zeker – sure, certain; related to German sicher, French sûr; from Latin securus “free from care, safe”
erg – bad, badly; also very; related to German arg (bad, serious, extreme), Swedish arg;
merk – mark, brand; from Germanic *marko “sign , boundary”
reis – trip, journey; related to German die Reise
lijken – look, seem; from West Germanic root *lokjan
misschien – perhaps
tot, totdat – until
klinken – to sound, clink; related to German klingen (to sound)
als – as, like; related to German als
dus – thus, so; Old English thus “in this way”
bedoelen – to mean, to want to say; related to German bedeuten
druk – busy
naar – to, in the direction of; possibly related to “near”, from Old Norse naer
bioscoop – cinema; abbreviated as “bios” from the Greek βιος, bios (life, living) and σκοπειν, skopein (to look at).
geld – money; related to German das Geld; from PIE *ghel “yellow, green, bright”
bouwen – to build; related to German bauen; from PIE *bhu “to dwell”
tuin – garden; related to English town, German der Zaun (fence); from Germanic *tunan “fence, hedge, garden”)
blijven – to stay, remain; related to German bleiben
houden van – to like, love

Grammar and Other Notes

1.  Dutch as a Germanic Language

In this video “Dutch: Languages of the World: Introductory Overviews”, Dr. Alexander Arguelles outlines some of the distinctive visual features of Dutch, including relative absence of accent marks, double vowels, the letter combination “ij”, and initial “z”.

Furthermore, in terms of vocabulary, Dutch and English share hundreds and perhaps thousands of very similar roots.   Here are some from this song:

denken – to think
gevoelen – to fel
zeggen – to say
zitten – to sit
vinden – to find
eten – to eat
wachten – to wait
bezig – busy, occupied
stil – still, quiet
nu – now, right now
nou – now, well
alleen – only, alone
naast – next (to), beside
voor – for, before, in front of
al – already, yet
soms – sometimes
uit – out
toekomst – future; “to come”
hond – dog
kat – cat; plural adds -en (katen)

2.  Definite Article  “The”: De vs. Het

In Dutch, the definite article before most singular nouns and all plural nouns is de.  However, before neuter nouns, the definite article is het.

Neuter nouns include diminutives (end in -je), animals, nouns of verbal stem origin (beginning with be-, ge-, or ver-), collective nouns (beginning with ge-), and many material nouns.

Examples of neuter nouns:

het kind   the child, het kindje   the baby, het paard  the horse
het besluit   the decision, het gebladerte   the foliage, het goud   the gold

The indefinite article (“a, an”) is simply een, which also means “one”.  In the event that a distinction is necessary, the indefinite article is marked with accent marks (één).

Examples of definite and indefinite articles in “Ik neem je mee”:

we zat in de klas    we sat in the class
jij bent de ware     you were the one
Gers is het merk    Gers is the mark/brand
ze wil naar de bios    she wants (to go) to the movies/cinema
ik wil geld op de bank   i want money in the bank
ik wil een toekomst opbouwen  i want to build (up) a future
een huis met een tuin aan het water   a house with a garden by the water

3.  Personal Pronouns: Many forms of “You”

The basic arrangement of personal pronouns in Dutch is as follows:

I            ik*
you               gij, ge ; jij, je ; U, u
he            hij
she            zij*, ze
it            het* (sometimes spelled ‘t)

we            wij*, we
you             jullie
they            zij*, ze

*Pronunciation of ik, wij, zij, and het is considered “full” when the pronouns are stressed.  In unstressed positions, the pronunciation is slightly different.

There are various ways to say “you” in Dutch.

Gij and ge are used in literature (such as the Bible) and prayers.

Jij and je are used in familiar situations, among family and friends.

U and u are used in more formal and/or business situations.  In writing, the capital U is more formal.  This personal pronoun can take either the 2nd or 3rd person singular verb.

Jullie is the plural form of you, and can either the singular or the plural verb.

4.  Basic Present Tense Verbs: Hebben (to have) and Zijn (to be)

Hebben (to have)

ik heb                                    wij/we hebben
je hebt                                    jullie hebben
U hebt/heeft
hij; zij, ze heeft             zij, ze hebben
het heeft

Zijn (to be)

ik ben                                    wij, we zijn
je bent                                    jullie zijn
U bent/is
hij; zij, ze is                        zij, ze zijn
het is

Examples of Hebben and Zihn in “Ik neem je mee”

ik niet bezig ben                        I am not busy
ik geen gevoelens heb voor haar            I have no feelings for her
zij is heel mijn wereld                        she is my whole world
soms is het erg                                    sometimes it is bad

“Mi Buenos Aires Querido”
My Dear Buenos Aires (English Translation by ORS, 2011)

Am                            Dm                                              Am
Mi Buenos Aires querido, cuando yo te vuelva a ver
Mi dear Buenos Aires, when I see you again 

Dm                Am        E7         A
No habrá más penas ni olvido
There will be no more pain or oblivion

A                         F#7              Bm                E7                                               A
El farolito de la calle en que nací fue centinela de mis promeses de amor
The little light on the street where I was born was a sentry for my promises of love

                 A           F#7              Bm             E7                                        A
bajo su quieta lucecita yo la vi a mi pebeta, luminosa como un sol
under its quiet little light I saw her my child, luminous like a sun

A                             F#7              Bm                     C#7                               F#m
Hoy que la suerte quiere que te vuela a ver, ciudad porteña de mi único querer
Today, may luck want that I see you again, port city of my only love

D      Dm             A                                B7                E7                      A
y oigo la queja de un bandoneón, dentro del pecho pide rienda el corazón
and I hear the complaint of a bandoneon, in the chest the heart asking for the reins

A                                 D          A         D              A           E7        A
Mi Buenos Aires, tierra florida, donde mi vida terminaré
My Buenos Aires, florid land, where my life will end

A                                D          A                  D              G#                             C#m
Bajo tu amparo no hay desengaños, vuelan los años, se olvida el dolor
Under your protection there are no disillusions, the years fly, the pain is forgotten

A           D             Dm                    A                        E7                          A
En caravana los recuerdos pasan con una estela dulce de emoción
In caravan the memories pass with a sweet trail trail of emotion

A                                D                 A          D              A                 E7      A
Quiero que sepas que al evocarte se van las penas del corazón
I want you to know that when I evoke you, the pains of the heart leave

A                    F#7              Bm                 E7                                               A
La ventanita de mi calle de arrabal, donde sonrié una muchachita en flor
The little window of my street in the rough area, where a girl in flowers smiled

A                        C#m        Cm         Bm                E7                                               A
quiero de nuevo yo volver a contemplar aquellos ojos que acarician al mirar
 I want again that I contemplate again those eyes that caressed the look

A                    F#7              Bm                       C#7                                   F#m
En la cortada más maleva una canción dice su ruego de coraje y de pasión
In the roughest dead end a song say its prayer of courage and passion

D        Dm            A                          B7                E7                 A
Una promesa y un suspirar borró una lágrima de pena aquel cantar
A promise and a sighing erased a tear of pena, that singing

Vocabulary
Volver a – (verb phrase) to return to, to do again
Centinela (f) – guard, sentry, sentinel; from Latin senire (to sense, feel)
Pebete, pebeta – kid, boy/girl (Lunfardo)
Porteño, porteña – port, reference to someone or something from Buenos Aires
Rienda (f) – rein
amparo (m) – protection
estela (f) – wake, trail
Arrabal (m) – low-class area, rough part of town; also considered a traditional barrio where tango is sung or danced
Cortada (f) – dead end street or alley
Malevo, maleva – bad, wicked

Read about Carlos Gardel (Wikipedia).

Guitar Chords
Am F C G

“Danza Kuduro”

Las manos arriba, cintura sola
da media vuelta, danza kuduro
No te canses ahora que esto solo empieza
mueve la cabeza, danza kuduro

Quien puede domar la fuerza del mar
que se mete por tus venas
lo caliente del sol que se te metió
y no te deja quiete, nena

Quien puede para eso que al bailar
descontrola tus caderas
y ese fuego que quema por dentro
y lento te convierte en fiera

Con las manos arriba, cintura sola
da media vuelta y sacude duro
No te quites ahora que esto solo empieza
mueve la cabeza y sacude duro

Balança, que é uma loucura
morena, vem ao meu lado
ninguém vai ficar parado
quero ver mexer kuduro

Oi oi oi, oi oi oi
Vem para quebrar, vamos dançar kuduro
Oi oi oi, oi oi oi
Seja morena ou loira, vem balançar kuduro

“Kuduro Dance” (Original English translation by ORS, 2011)

Hands up, only waist
turn around, kuduro dance
Don’t get tired now ’cause this is only starting
move your head, kuduro dance

Who can tame the force of the sea
that gets inside your veins
the heat of the sun that got inside you
and doesn’t leave calm, girl

Who can stop that which, upon dancing,
lets loose your  hips
and that fire that burn inside
and slowly turns you into a fierce beast

With the hands in the air, only your waist
turns around and shakes hard
Don’t leave now ’cause this is just getting started
move your head and shake it hard

Sway, ’cause it is madness
Morena, come to my side
Nobody is going to get stopping
I want to see some kuduro fooling around

Hey hey hey, hey hey hey
Come break some kuduro, let’s dance kuduro
Hey hey hey, hey hey hey
Whether you’re morena or blond, come sway kuduro

Vocabulary
Spanish
La danza (fem noun) – dance, in the artistic sense, from the verb danzar; different from baile by context (see Grammar section)
La cintura (fem noun) – waist, but usually refers to the whole middle body; also in Port. cintura
Cansarse (reflexive verb) – to get tired of (doing something); also in Port. cansar-se
Domar (verb) – to tame, break in (like an animal, overcome; also in Port. do mar
Meterse (reflexive verb) – to get into; very idiomatic (see Grammar section)
Quieto (adjective) – still, quiet, calm; also in Port. quieto; not to be confused with the word for “quiet” which is silencioso
La nena (fem noun) – girl, baby girl; usually used in casual contexts among friends; in Portuguese these would be like menina
Descontrolar (verb) – to get out of control
Las caderas (fem noun, plural) – hips; in Port. as cadeiras
Fiero (adjective) – fierece; the noun fiera (fem) refers to a wild, fierce animal; in Port. feroz
Sacudir (verb) – to shake (towel; head; hips); also in Port. sacudir
Quitarse (reflexive verb)

Portuguese Vocabulary
Balançar (verb) – to balance, sway; in Span. balancear
A loucura (fem noun) – madness, craziness; in Span. la locura
A morena (fem noun) – dark-haired woman; in Span morena
Mexer (verb) – to move, to tease, to play with; related to Span. mover (to move), mecer (to rock, swing, sway)
Quebrar (verb) – to break; in Span, quebrar means to break, to fracture (a bone), while romper is used more generally
Dançar (verb) – to dance
A loira (fem noun) – blond-haired woman; in Span. rubia

Grammar
1.  To Turn Around

In Spanish, a typical way to say “turn around”, as in “turn and face the opposite direction”, is dar la vuelta.  This literally is “to give the turn”.  You can also use the reflexive verb voltearse (to turn oneself) in certain regions of the world.  In Portuguese, it is important not to confuse the similar sounding voltar (to return to somewhere) with virar (to turn).

“Jesus Cristo”
Roberto Carlos
Mensagens (1999) 

Jesus Cristo! Jesus Cristo!
Jesus Cristo, eu estou aqui

Olho no céu e vejo uma nuvem branca que vai passando
Olho na terra e vejo uma multidão que vai caminhando

Como essa nuvem branca
essa gente não sabe aonde vai
Quem poderá dizer o caminho certo
é você, meu Pai

Toda essa multidão tem no peito amor e procura a paz
E apesar de tudo a esperança não se desfaz

Olhando a flor que nasce no chão daquele que tem amor
Olho no céu e sinto crescer a fé no meu Salvador

Em cada esquina vejo o olhar perdido de um irmão
em busca do mesmo bem
nessa direção caminhando vem

É meu desejo ver aumentando sempre essa procissão
Para que todos cantem na mesma voz essa oração

“Jesus Christ” (Original English translation by ORS, 2011)

Jesus Christ, Jesus Christ
Jesus Christ, I am here

I look in the sky and see a white cloud that goes passing
I look in the earth and see a crowd that goes walking

Like that white cloud
those people don’t know to where they go
Who could say the correct path
is you, my Father

All that crowd has love in the chest and searches for peace
And despite everything, hope is not undone

Looking at the flower that is born in the dirt of that which has love
I look in the sky and I feel faith growing in my Savior

On every corner I see the lost look of a brother
in search of the same good
in this direction come walking

It is my desire to see this procession always growing
so that everyone may sing int he same voice this prayer

Vocabulary and Etymology
nuvem  (f) – cloud
multidão (f) – crowd, multitude
apesar – despite
desfazer (verb) – to undo
chão (m) – ground, earth, floor
olhar (m) – a look; also verb olhar (to look)
bem (m) – a good, goodness; also adverb bem (well)
oração (f) – prayer

Grammar
1.  Olhar vs. Ver vs. Mirar

Like English and some other languages, Portuguese makes a distinction between “looking” and “seeing”.

Generally, the verb olhar (from the Latin oculus “eye”) means to “look at”, while ver (from the Latin videre “to see”) means “to see”.    Finally, less used is mirar (from the Latin mirari “to admire, wonder at”) meaning “to examine” or “to aim”.

This may seem strange to you if you are used to Spanish, where although ver also means “to see”, mirar is the verb used to mean “to look at”.   Spanish does, however, have a less used derivative of the Latin oculus, in the verb ojear meaning “to have a look at”.

Most of these verbs in Portuguese and Spanish can made in nouns, translatable into English as “looks” or “glances”, but the nuances change with the root.

In both Spanish and Portuguese, “una ojeada/uma olhada” is what you say when you give a “glance” over something, like a student’s essay.  On the other hand, the “look” on that student’s face when they get the essay back would be “una mirada” in Spanish and “um olhar” in Portuguese.

Another way to say “glance” in Spanish is “vistazo” from the verb ver.

2.  Future Tense
In both Spanish and Portuguese, the future tense is to indicate future time, but also to indicate possibility in the present.   The example in this song is:

“Quem poderá dizer o caminho certo é você”
Lit.  Who will be able to say the path true is you
–> You are the one who could indicate the correct path

Poderá is the 3rd person singular form of the future tense of poder (to be able to).  The nuance is “could” or “probably can”

Guitar Chords
*tuned down a half step in this video
Chorus: Em  G   Bm   Am – Am/G – Em
Verse:  Em   G   Bm   Am

Şi ce
Voltaj
Povestea Oricui (2004)

Şi ce?
Dacă viaţă ţi-a luat mai mult decât ţi-a dat
Şi ce?
Poti alege sa visezi sau poti alege sa pierzi

Dar e bine când poti spune
“Nu sunt singur in ploaie şi vânt.
Am cei mai buni prieteni de pe Pământ”

Pot sa pierd in viaţă tot
Nu imi păsa, ma ridic la loc
Şi poti sa-mi iei ce vrei
Când am lângă mine toti prietenii mei.

Şi ce?
Vrei nu vrei, se-întâmpla in viata sa mai şi cazi
Şi ce?
Nu te mai gândi la mâine că uiti ziua de azi

Şi e bine că poti spune
“Nu sunt singur in ploaie şi vânt.
Am cei mai buni prieteni de pe Pământ”

“So what” (Original English translation by ORS, 2011)

So what
if life has taken from you much more than it has given to you?
So what?
You can choose to dream or you can choose to lose

But it’s so good when you can say
“I’m not alone in rain and wind
I have the best friends on earth”

I can lose everything in life
I don’t care, I raise myself up
And you can take from me what you want
When I have by me all my friends

So what?
Want it or not, it happens in life that you also fall
So what?
Don’t also think about tomorrow for you forget today

And it’s good that you can say,
“I’m not alone in rain and wind
I have the best friends on earth”

Vocabulary and Etymology
viaţă (f) – life; from Latin vita
mult – much, more, a lot; from Latin multus (much, many)
a da – to give; from Latin dare
a putea – to be able to; from Latin potere (be able, powerful)
a alege – to choose; from Latin eligere
a pierde – to lose; from Latin perdere  (to lose, destroy)
a spune – to say; from Latin exponere (to put out)
singur – alone
ploaie (f) – rain; from Latin pluvia
vânt (n) – wind; from Latin ventus
prieten (m) – friend; from Slavic root prijatelĭ; related to Bulgarian приятел, Croatian prijatelj, Czech přítel, Polish przyjaciel
Pământ (n) – ground, Earth; possibly from Latin pavimentum (beaten floor)
tot – everything; from Latin totus
a ridica – to raise; from Latin eradicare (to uproot)
loc (n) – place; from Latin locus
lângă – beside, by; from Latin longus ad
a vrea – to want; from Latin volere
a cădea – to fall; from Latin cadere
a gândi – to think; from Hungarian gondol (to think)
mâine – tomorrow; from Latin mane; related to French demain, Italian domani, Spanish mañana, Portuguese amanha
ziua – then; day
azi – today; possibly from Latin hac die (this day)

Grammar
1.  The Slavic Influence on Romanian
Although Romanian is a Romance language, the influence of Slavic tribes in Eastern Europe around the 6th century have significantly affected the vocabulary, phonology, and even grammar of Romanian.

Research indicates that 20% of Romanian vocabulary comes from Latin and 14% comes from Slavic, particularly Old Church Slavonic, the liturgical language of the Orthodox Church since the Middle Ages.

2.  Romanian alphabet
The Romanian alphabet contains letters not present in other Romance languages.  The pronunciations of these letters with diacritics can be tricky, at first:

ă – [ə]
â – [y] *only in the middle of a word
î – [y] *only at the beginning or end of a word
ş – [ʃ]
ţ – [ts]

3.  Nouns and Pronouns
Romanian is the only Romance language to preserve 3 genders from Latin (masculine, feminine, and neuter).  There are also 5 cases (Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, and Vocative).   In this song you can find examples of the Dative (indirect object) and Accusative (direct object) forms of the 1st person and 2nd person pronouns:

Dacă viaţă ţi-a luat (2nd Dative: If life has taken from you)
Nu imi păsa (1st Dative: No to me passes –> It doesn’t pass to me –> I don’t care)
ma ridic la loc (1st Accusative: I raise me/myself to the place)
Nu te mai gândi la mâine (2nd Accusative: Don’t think about tomorrow)

Guitar Chords
Verse: Dm  F  Bb  Dm
Pre-chorus:  Bb  F   Bb   F   Gm  C
Chorus:  Dm  Gm   C   F   Bb  Gm  A

“O Caritas”
Cat Stevens (Yusuf Islam), Jeremy Taylor, Andreus Toumazis
Catch Bull at Four (1972)

Hunc ornatum mundi nolo perdere
Video flagrare, omnia res
Audio clamare, homines

Nunc extinguitur mundi et astorum lumen
Nunc concipitur mali hominis crimen

Tristitate et lacriminis, gravis est dolor
de terraque maribus, magnus est clamor

O caritas, o caritas
Nobis semper sit amor

Nos perituri mortem salutamos
Sola resurgit vita

This world is burning fast
This world will never last

I don’t want to lose it
Here in my time
Give me time forever
Here in my time

” Oh charity” (Original English Translation by ORS, 2011)

This  ornament of the world, I don’t want to lose
I see every thing burning
I hear men shouting

Now is extinguished, the  light of the world and stars
Now is conceived, the accusation of the evil of man

With sadness and tears, heavy is the pain
from Earth and seas, great is the noise

Oh charity, oh love
May love be with us forever

We, perishing, salute death
Only life resurges

Vocabulary and Etymology

perdere = (present active infinitive) to destroy completely, lose; from per (through) + dare (to give); related to English perdition, Sp./Po. perder, It. perdere, Fr. perdre

video = (1st person singular present indicative) “I see”; from verb videre (to see); Eng. vision, Sp/Po ver, It. vedere, Fr. voir

flagrare = (present active infintive) to flame, burn; as in “flagrant”

audio = (1st person singular present indicative) “I hear”; from verb audire (to hear); Eng. audition, Ital. udire

clamare = (present active infinitive) to  call,shout; Eng. clamor

concipitur = (3rd person singular, present passive indicative) “is conceived” from verb concipere (to take in, conceive) from com + capire (take in) as in “capture”

crimen = (noun; nominative singular; neuter, 3rd declension) charge, accusation, crime

tristitia* = (noun; ablative singular;  from tristitia, fem. 1st declension) sadness; Sp./Po. tristeza, Ital. tristezza, Fr. tristesse
*misspelled/misused in “O Caritas” as “tristitate”

lacriminis = (noun; ablative plural; from lacrima, fem., 1st) tear; Ital, lacrima, Sp. lagrima, Po. lágrima, Fr. larme

gravis = (adjective, masculine nominative singular; 3rd 2-termination) heavy, deep, serious; Sp. grave

dolor = (noun, masculine 3rd) pain, grief; Ital dolore, Sp. dolor, Po. a dor, Fr. la douleur

caritas = (noun, feminine 3rd; nominative and vocative form) dearness, costliness, affection, love, charity

perituri = (future passive participle, aka gerundive) “about to perish”; from verb perire (to perish); Ital perire, Fr. périre, Sp/Po. perecer
Grammar and other Topics

1.  Latin Pronunciation

Latin is an old Italic language from Latium (central west Italy) and Ancient Rome.  The history of the language can be categorized by time (Old/Ancient, Classical, Late, Medieval, Renaissance, and New) and use (Vulgar, Ecclesiastical) where various differences in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar emerge.

Some historians classify the Golden Age of Roman Literature (in Classical Latin) as between 80BC and 14AD, which includes the works of Cicero, Julius Caesar, Catullus, Cato, and Lucretius, and later Vergilius, Horatius, Livius, Ovidius, etc.

The pronunciation of Ecclesiastical and modern Latin generally resembles that of modern Italian, which is the pronunciation used in “O Caritas” by Cat Stevens.  However, the pronunciation of Classical Latin has certain features:

- hard “c” and “g” (instead of Italian palatization/softening before vowels “e” and “i”) and hard “t” (now palatized before “i”)
- full pronunciation of diphthongs “ae” and “oe” (reduced to “e” and “o” in modern language)
-”v” pronounced as “w”

2.  Using a Latin Dictionary

Because Latin words, particularly nouns, verbs, and adjectives, have various forms, using a latin dictionary can be confusing at first.  In general, dictionaries show multiple entries consisting of a basic form(s) followed by irregular forms.  Here are some brief instructions:

Nouns:  2 Forms, the Nominative Singular and then the Genitive Singular, followed by the Gender and the Declension (in parenthesis).  For example,

amor, amoris (m., 3rd declension) = love, affection, desire, passion

Latin noun have 7 cases, 3 genders, and 2 numbers.  The cases indicate “part of speech”, the genders are arbitrary linguistic categories, and the numbers are singular and plural.  Here are the cases:

Nominative – subject, doer; は、が
Genitive – possession, “of someone/something”, “something’s”; could be “de + Ablative”; の
Dative – indirect object; “ad + Ablative”; に
Accusative – direct object, object of preposition of motion towards; を、へ
Ablative – means, instrument; object of preposition of position and motion away; で、に、から
Locative – location or position; “in/ad” + Ablative”; に
Vocative – personal address

There are 5 paradigms of noun declensions.

Verbs:  Multiple forms, first the 1st Person Singular Present Active Indicative and then the Infinitive, and then the 1st Person Singular Perfect Active Indicative and Passive Indicative.  In parenthesis, they indicate the conjugation pattern.  For example,

amo, amare, amavi, amatus (1st conjugation) = to love
Latin verbs  have 3 moods (indicative, imperative, subjunctive), 2 voices (active, passive), 2 numbers (singular, plural), 3 persons (1st, 2nd, and 3rd), and 6 tenses.  The tenses are present, imperfect (continued in the past), future, perfect (completed in the past), pluperfect (past actions before other past actions), and future perfect (actions that are to be completed in the future).

There 5 main patterns or paradigms of verb conjugations.

Adjectives:  The 3 genders are applied to adjectives, but in some cases some of the forms are the same.  There are, therefore, 3 patterns: 1st termination (all forms are the same), 2nd termination (masculine and feminine are the same, neuter is different), 3rd termination (all 3 forms are different).  Here are examples of the 2- and 3-terminations:

Gravis, grave = serious, heavy, deep
Malus, mala, malum = bad

Guitar Chords
1.  Intro: Dm A Gm A Dm
2.  ”Hunc…” , “Nolo..”: Dm C A
3.  ”Video..”, “Audio…”  : Dm Am Bb A Dm C Bb A (second time ending: A7 Dm)
4.   “Nunc..”: (same as intro)
5.  ”Tristitate..”: G-C G-C G-C G-C  Bb Dm; repeat second time Em7 Am; repeat third time Bb  A;
6.  ”Nos…”, “Sola..”: A A7 Dm
7.  ”This world”: Dm C A
8.  ”I don’t want…”:  (repeat “Audio..”)

“Sabor a mí”
Álvaro Carrillo
1950-1965? 

Tanto tiempo disfrutamos de este amor
Nuestras almas se acercaron tanto así
que yo guardo tu sabor
pero tú llevas también sabor a mí

Si negaras mi presencia en tu vivir
bastaría con abrazarte y conversar
tanto vida yo te di
que por fuerza tienes ya sabor a mí

No pretendo ser tu dueño
no soy nada, yo no tengo vanidad
de mi vida doy  lo bueno
soy tan pobre, ¿qué otra cosa puedo dar?

Pasarán más de mil años, muchos más
yo no sé si tenga, amor, la eternidad
pero allá, tal como como aquí
en la boca llevarás sabor a mí

“Flavor of me” (English translation, ORS 2011)

For so long we enjoyed this love
our souls grew so close this way
that I keep your flavor
but you carry, as well, the flavor of me

If you were to deny my presence in your life
it would be enough to embrace you and converse
so much life I gave you
that by force you have the flavor of me

I’m not trying to be your owner
I’m nothing, I have no vanity
From my life, I give what’s good
I’m so poor, what else can I give?

A thousand years will pass, many more
I don’t know if I have, love, eternity
But there, just as here
In your mouth, you will carry the flavor of me

Vocabulary & Etymology
1.  Sabor – (m. noun) taste, flavor; used with preposition “a” as in “sabor a mi” to mean the flavor “of” something; from L. saporem “taste, flavor”

2.  Negar – (verb) to deny, refuse; from L. negare “to deny, say no”; “deny” from de (away) negare (refuse).

3.  Pretender – (verb) to try to, to expect; also to woo, to court; usually expresses a hopeful attempt; from L. praetendere “to stretch in front, allege” from prae (before) and tendere (to stretch).  Used like Enligh pretend, in the sense of “laying a claim”, but not to be confused with pretend in the sense of feigning something (expressed by Spanish verb fingir)

Grammar

1.  To Try, To Attempt

There are various ways to express “to try”  in Spanish.   Some of the verbs typically used are intentar, tentar, tratar, procurar, probar, pretender, etc. Here are the basic patterns.

Él intenta concentrarse – he attempts to concentrate (intentar + infinitive)
Él trata de concentrarse  - he tries to concentrate (tratar de + infinitive)
Él prueba a llamarme – he resorts to trying to call me (probar a + infinitive)

Él prueba la comida – he tries (“probes”) the food (probar + noun)*
Él prueba con otro tipo de… – he gives it a try with another type of (probar con + noun)

*Probarse in used in Spanish for trying on clothes.

In this song, the line “No pretendo ser tu dueño” uses the verb pretender which carrie the implication of an expectation or claim, as in “I’m not trying to become your master”

Note that Portuguese, typically tentar is used for “to try”, while experimentar (and sometimes provar) are used for trying food and trying on clothes.

Ele tenta concentar – he tries to concentrate (tentar + infintive)
Ele experimenta/prova a comida – he tries the food (experimentar/provar +noun)

Italian uses similar verbs, as well: tentare + infintive and provare a + infinitive, but French uses another concept essayer (de), which is related to L. exagire, or ex (out) + agere (act), meaning “to weigh”.

“Wave”
Antônio Carlos “Tom” Jobim
Wave (1967)

Vou te contar
os olhos já não podem ver
coisas que só o coração pode entender
fundamental é mesmo o amor
é impossível ser feliz sozinho

O resto é mar
é tudo que não sei contar
são coisas lindas que eu tenho para te dar
vem de mansinho à brisa e me diz
é impossível ser feliz sozinho

Da primeira vez era a cidade
Da segunda, o cais e a eternidade

Agora eu já sei
da onda que se ergueu no mar
e das estrelas que esquecemos de contar
o amor se deixa surpreender
enquanto a noite vem nos envolver

“Wave” (English translation, ORS 2011)

I’m going to tell you
the eyes can’t see anymore
things that only the heart can understand
basically love is the same
it’s impossible to be happy alone

The rest is sea
it’s all that I don’t know how to express
they are beautiful things, what I have to give you
the breeze comes gently and says to me
it’s impossible to be happy alone

From the first time, it was the city
From the second, the quay and eternity

Now I know
of the wave that rises in the sea
and the stars that we forget to mention
love is left to surprise
while the night comes to envelope us

Vocabulary and Etymology

1.  mansinho – tame, docile, gentle, gently; diminutive form of manso (meek, gentle, docile, tame); From Latin manere (to remain, stay); Related to Span. manso, Ital. mansueto
2.  o cais – the quay, wharf, pier; Related to Fren. le quai,
3.  erguer – to erect, lift, rise; the reflective form se erguer, thus, means to stand up, to rise.  From Latin erigere (raise, erect; ex + regere “to rule, manage”); Related to Span. erguir (to raise, straighten), Fren. ériger, Ital. erigere
4.  enquanto – while, whereas, as; literally, “in as much”

Grammar
Points of difference between Portuguese and Spanish (by example)

A.  Indirect Object Placement

In both Portuguese and Spanish, the indirect object in a simple verb phrase can be placed before the conjugated verb (eu te dou : yo te doy : I give to you).  In more complex verb phrase, Portuguese tends to squeeze the indirect object between the verbs (before the infinitive in the phrase), while Spanish keeps the indirect object before the first conjugated verb.

Ex: Vou te contar : Te voy a contar (I’m going to tell you)
Ex: …coisas lindas que eu tenho para te dar : cosas lindas que yo tengo para darte (pretty things I have to give to you)
Ex:  Enquanto a noite vem nos envolver : Mientras la noche viene a envolvernos (while the night comes to envelope us)

B.  Só vs. somente vs. sozinho : Sólo vs. solamente vs. solo/solito

In Portuguese, both só and somente mean “only” or “solely”, as in “merely” or “no more than”.  The Spanish equivalents are sólo and solamente.

On the other hand, sozinho in Portuguese (a diminutive of só) means “lonely” or “alone”.  The Spanish equivalent is the unaccented (un accent-marked) “solo” and its diminutive solito.

Note that the Portuguese word apenas can be used to mean “only”, while the Spanish apenas means something different: hardly and as soon as (no sooner)

Ex: Coisas que só o coração pode entender : Cosas que sólo/solamente el corazón puede entenders
Ex: É impossível ser feliz sozinho : Es imposible ser feliz solo/solito

C.  To Forget: Esquecer and Olvidar

The words for “to forget” are very different in Portuguese and Spanish.  In Portuguese, esquecer is said to be from the Latin ex (away) + cadere (fall), to fall away ; in Spanish, olvidar is related to the English oblivion and French oublier, from the Latin ob (over) + levis (smooth), in other words, to smooth over and forget.

The grammatical use of these different vocabulary words is also very different.  In Portuguese, you can use esquecer like we use “to forget” in English, while in Spanish, olvidar would be the something like “to be forgotten by oneself”.  An easy example is “I forgot”; in Portuguese, eu esqueci (preterite conjugation, like in English), but in Spanish, se me olvidó (something like “it was forgotten by me”).

Ex: (as) estrelas que esquecemos de contar : (las) estrellas que se nos olvida contar (the stars that we forget to mention)
D.  While : Enquanto and Mientras

Another example of different vocabulary words.  In Portuguese, they use “enquanto” (from Latin quantus, “how much/many”), but in Spanish they use “mientras” (unclear etymology, see this link explanation under “mentre”).

Ex: Enquanto a note vem nos envolver : Mientras la noche viene a envolvernos (While the night comes to envelope us)

Guitar Chords (coming soon)

Guitar chords
Capo 5
Part 1:  Em Em C  D
Part 2:  C  D Em

“Anak”
Freddie Aguilar 

Noong isilang ka sa mundong ito
Laking tuwa ng magulang mo
At ang kamay nila ang iyong ilaw

At ang nanay at tatay mo’y
Di malaman ang gagawin
Minamasdan pati pagtulog mo

At sa gabi’y napupuyat ang iyong nanay
Sa pagtimpla ng gatas mo

At sa umaga nama’y kalong ka
Ng iyong amang tuwang-tuwa sa iyo

Ngayon nga ay malaki ka na
Nais mo’y maging malaya
Di man sila payag, Walang magagawa

Ikaw nga ay biglang nagbago
Naging matigas ang iyong ulo
At ang payo nila’y sinuway mo

Di mo man lang inisip na
Ang kanilang ginagawa’y para sa iyo

Pagkat ang nais mo’y, Masunod ang layaw mo
Di mo sila pinapansin

Nagdaan pa ang mga araw
At ang landas mo’y naligaw
Ikaw ay nalulong sa masamang bisyo

At ang una mong nilapitan
Ang iyong inang lumuluha
At ang tanong,”anak, ba’t ka nagkaganyan”

At ang iyong mata’y biglang lumuha
ng di mo napapansin

Nagsisisi at sa isip mo’y
Nalaman mong ika’y nagkamali

“Child” (English translation by ORS, 2011)

When you born into this world
Your parent’s big joy
And their hands, your light

And your mother and father
Not knowing what they would do
Watching even your sleeping

And at night your mother, sleepless
For your milk preparation

And in the morning holding you on his lap
For your father, lots of joy from you

Now you are already big
Your wish to be free
Even though they don’t allow it, they will be lost

You suddenly change
Your head becomes hard
And their advice, you violate

You don’t even only think
What they’re doing for you

Because it is your wish, your freedom you obey
You don’t give them attention

Yet the days passed
And your path you lost
You were swallowed in evil vice

And the first to approach you
Your mother in tears
And the question, “Child, why are you like that?”

And your eyes, suddenly, tear up
Which you did not notice

Regrets, and in your thoughts
You know your mistakes

VOCABULARY

Noong – formerly, in the past, “when” (past)
Isilang – give birth, be born
Laki – size, bigness, grow up, bulk, extent
Tuwa – happiness, joy
Magulang – parent, adult, mature
Kamay – hand
Ilaw – light, lamp
Nanay – mother
Tatay – father
Alam – to know; fleshy, carneous
Gawa – to do; “Gagawin” = contemplated (future) object focus
Masid – to observe; “Minamasdan” = incompleted (imperfect, continuous) object focus
Pati – also, including
Tulog – to sleep
Gabi – night
Puyat – sleepless, vigilant
Timpla – seasoning, cooking preparation
Gatas – milk
Umaga – morning
Kumalong – to sit in/hold on lap
Ngayon – now, present
Malaki – big
Nais – like, want, desire, wish
Maging – to become, to be
Malaya – free
Man – even, even though
Payag – permission
Wala – to lose; to vanish
Bigla – sudden
Magbago – change
Matigas – hard, firm
Ulo – head
Payo – advice
Suway – to violate (an order); “sinuway” = completed object focus
Lang –only
Isip – to think about; “inisip” = completed object focus
Pagkat – because (sapagkat)
Sunod – to obey; “Masunod”
Layaw – freedom
Pansin – to give attention; “pinapansin” = incompleted (imperfect, continuous) object focus
Daan – to pass by; “nagdaan”
Araw – day; sun
Landas – foot path
Ligaw – astray, lost
Lulon – swallow; verb lulok (to swallow)
Masama – bad, evil
Bisyo – vice, habit (from Spanish “vicio”)
Una – the first* (related to Spanish un, una “one”)
Lapit – to approach; “nilapitan” = completed object focus
Ina – mother, mama
Luha – tear
Tanong – to ask (about)
Anak – child (old malay) *
Ba’t (bakit) – why
Ganyan – like that, such
Mata – eye* (from Malay “mata” also meaning “eye”)
Nagsisisi – regret
Magkamali – mistake

GRAMMAR

1.  Filipino vs. Tagalog

It is generally considered that Filipino is the formal name and standardized form of Tagalog, which is the national language of the Philippines as well as an official language of the country (along with English).

Tagalog is an Austronesian language, closely related to Malay, Indonesian, Javanese, and Hawaiian.  There are about 25 million native speakers in the Philippines, and about 60 million second language speakers.

Tagalog has been the basis for the Wikang Pambansa (National Language) since 1936, but has been relabeled on various occasions (in 1959, called “Pilipino” to distinguish it from the ethnic group Tagalog, and in 1973 “Filipino”).  According to this website, the national language was relabeled “Filipino” to recognize the “preference” for foreign loan words (mostly English and Spanish), making Filipino something like “Tagalog Plus…inclusive of the contributes of languages other than Tagalog”.  The example the writer gives is that it acceptable to say “diskyunaryo” (from Spanish diccionario”) in Filipino, but a Tagalog “purist” would use a native Tagalog word like “talatinigan”.

Filipino itself has been taught in schools since the 1970s, underwent a spelling reform in 1987, and was added to the ISO registry of languages in 2004.

2.  Foreign influence on Vocabulary

The majority of loan words in Filipino are provided by Spanish and Malay.  It is estimated that 40% of everyday conversation vocab comes from Spanish.

Examples from the song:

mundo “world” from Spanish mundo
para “for” from Spanish para
bisyo “vice” from Spanish vicio
anak “child” from Malay anak
mata “eye” from Malay mata
In most cases, the Filipino word maintains the same meaning as in Spanish, although the orthography (spelling) is different.  Check out this Filipino Loanwords – Spanish, Malay

Some of the more interesting morphs via Spanish include:

Kumusta ka?  (Como esta?)  How are you?
Siguro (seguro, sure) probably, maybe
Sige (sigue) alright, ok, go ahead, bye
Pwede (puede) may, can? as in phrase “pwede bang…” (could…?)
Gusto ko/kong (me gusta) I like
Kasi (casi, almost) The reason why is…
Syempre (siempre, always) of course
Libre (libre, free as in freedom) free as in free of charge
Sigurado (segurado, secured) Surely, that’s right
3.  Categories of Markers

Filipino has a lot of “little” words which are sprinkled between the main nouns and verbs.   Among the more important of these little words are markers of Focus, Relation, and Location/Direction.

Focus markers include ang, ng, and si/sina.  Like は or が in Japanese, they mark the main topic or focus of the sentence, but unlike Japanese, they are placed before the noun.

Ex: Ito ang paborito ko.  これが私の一番好きです。This is my favorite.
Ako si Maria.  私はマリアです。 I am Maria.

Ang is usually used for specific focus, while ng is used for indefinite focus.  Compare:

Gusto ko ang saging.  I like the banana.
Gusto ko ng saging.  I like bananas (in general).
Si and Sina are used to focus on singular and plural names of people.

Kaibigan ko si Jose.  Jose is my friend.
Nasa Maylina sina Jose at Maria.  Jose and Maria are in Manila.

Examples from the song:

“At ang nanay at tatay mo’y”
Lit. And (focus) mother and father (your…) –>  And (as for) your mother and father, (they…)

“Naging matigas ang iyong ulo”
Lit. Became hard (focus) your head –>  And your head, it became hard à You became hard-headed

Relational Markers include Ng and Ni/Nina.   They have the function of linking nouns much like the possessive の in Japanese or “de” in Spanish and other Romance languages, but they can also mark Direct Objects (like を) and so-called “unfocused” Actors (like に).

Ex: Sabaw ng buko.  ココヤシの若い実のジュース.  Young coconut juice.
Gumagawa siya ng reserts.   研究をしている。 I am doing research.
Kaibigan ni Jose.      Friend of Jose; Jose’s friend.

Like with si/sina, the difference between ni and nina is the reference to singular or plural personal names.

Examples from the song:

“Laking tuwa ng magulang mo”
Lit: big joy (of) parents (your) –>  The big joy of your parents à Your parents’ big joy

Location/Directional markers include sa and kay/kina.

As a preposition for both place and future time, “sa” can be translated as “at”, “on”, and “in”, but it also indicates direction, like “to”, “from”, and “for”.

Ex: Kailangang pumunta ako sa Maynila.  私はマニラに行く必要がある。 I have to go to Manila.
Mainit bas a Maynila?  マニラは暑い？ Is it hot in Manila?
Hihintayin ko kayo sa Sabado.  土曜日に君たちを待っている。 I will be waiting for you all on Saturday.
Bumili si Jose ng regalo para sa nanay.  ホセはお母さんの為にプレゼントを買った。 Jose bought a gift for his mother.

As with si/sina and ni/nina, the difference between kay and kina is the singular or plural reference to personal names.
Examples from the song:

“Noong isilang ka sa mundong ito”

Lit. When born you (into) world this –> When you were born into this world
“At sa gab’y napupuyat ang iyong nanay”

Lit: And (at) night sleepless (focus) your mother –> à And at night, your mother, sleepless,…
“Ang kanilang ginagawa’y para sa iyo”

Lit: (What) they doing for you –> What they were doing for you